Various solid-state characterization methods.
- Diffraction techniques and related theory
- X-ray scattering techniques
- Microscopies
- Spectroscopic methods
- X-Ray spectroscopies
- X-ray emission spectroscopies
- X-ray absorption spectroscopies
- Electron spectroscopies
- Solid-state NMR spectroscopy
- Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR/EPR)
- Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis)
- Vibrational spectroscopies
- X-Ray spectroscopies
- Thermal analysis
- Thermal conductivity
- Dielectric properties
- Other techniques
- Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)
- Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID)
- Muon spin spectroscopy (µSR)
- Mössbauer spectroscopy
- Gas pycnometry
- BET surface area analysis
- Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
- Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy
- Nanoindentation
- Electron cyclotron resonance
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
- Electroanalytical methods